Bawuloli na malam buɗe idosuna ko'ina a aikace-aikacen masana'antu kuma muhimmin sashi ne wajen sarrafa kwararar ruwa daban-daban a cikin bututun mai. Babban abin la'akari yayin zaɓar da amfani da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido shine matsakaicin matsi. Fahimtar wannan ƙimar yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aminci da ingantaccen aiki na tsarin ruwa.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu zurfafa cikin manufar matsakaicin ƙimar matsin lamba da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido zai iya jurewa, sannan mu yi nazarin tasirin da ke kan matsin lamba da aka ƙima daga fannoni kamar ƙirar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido, kayan aiki, hatimi, da sauransu.
Menene matsakaicin matsin lamba?
Matsakaicin matsi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido yana nufin matsakaicin matsi da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido zai iya aiki lafiya ba tare da matsala ko shafar aiki ba. Waɗannan su ne abubuwa da yawa da ke ƙayyade matsakaicin matsi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido.
1. Kayan bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido
Kayan da ake amfani da su wajen ƙera jikin bawul, farantin bawul, sandar bawul da wurin zama na bawul su ne manyan abubuwan da ke ƙayyade ƙimar matsi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido. Kayan da ke da ƙarfin juriya mai ƙarfi, juriyar tsatsa da kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki na iya jure matsin lamba mai yawa. Misali, bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na bakin ƙarfe na iya jure matsin lamba mai yawa saboda kyakkyawan juriyar tsatsa da ƙarfi.
Thekujerar bawulkayan rufewazai kuma shafi ƙarfin ɗaukar matsi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido. Misali, EPDM, NBR, da sauransu kayan rufe roba ne da aka saba amfani da su, amma ƙarfin ɗaukar matsinsu yana da iyaka. Don aikace-aikacen da ake buƙata don jure matsin lamba mai girma, ana iya zaɓar wasu kayan rufewa masu jure matsin lamba.
2. Tsarin bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido
Tsarin bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido wani muhimmin abu ne da ke shafar matsin lambar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido. Misali, galibi ana amfani da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido mai laushi na tsakiya a cikin tsarin ƙarancin matsi, wato PN6-PN25. Tsarin bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido mai eccentric biyu yana inganta aikin rufewa ta hanyar canza tsarin farantin malam buɗe ido da wurin zama na bawul don jure matsin lamba mai yawa.
3. Kauri bangon jikin bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido
Akwai alaƙar da ke tsakanin girman kauri na bangon jikin bawul da matsin lamba. Yawanci gwargwadon girman matsi na bawul ɗin, haka nan kauri na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido zai iya ɗaukar ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi lokacin da matsin lamba na ruwa ya ƙaru.
4. Tsarin ƙirar matsi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido
Ka'idojin ƙira na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido za su ƙayyade matsakaicin matsin lamba da zai iya jurewa. Ana ƙera bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido bisa ga API (Cibiyar Man Fetur ta Amurka), ASME (Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyi ta Amurka), ISO (Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa don Daidaitawa) da sauran ƙa'idodin masana'antu, kuma ana yin gwaji da dubawa mai tsauri don tabbatar da cewa bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido ya cika matakin matsin lamba da aka ƙayyade.
Shin Bawuloli na Malam Budaddiya Suna Da Kyau Ga Matsi Mai Girma?
Ana iya raba bawulan malam buɗe ido zuwa bawulan malam buɗe ido na injin, bawulan malam buɗe ido na ƙarancin matsi, bawulan malam buɗe ido na matsakaicin matsi, da bawulan malam buɗe ido na babban matsi bisa ga matsin lamba na musamman.
1) Bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na injin tsotsa - bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido wanda matsin aikinsa ya yi ƙasa da matsin lamba na yanayi na yau da kullun.
2).Malam malam buɗe ido mai ƙarancin matsin lambabawul—bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido mai matsin lamba na PN ƙasa da 1.6MPa.
3). Bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido matsakaici mai matsin lamba—bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido mai matsin lamba na PN 2.5~6.4MPa.
4). Bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido mai ƙarfi—bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido mai matsin lamba na PN10.0~80.0MPa.
Matsakaicin matsin lamba na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido yana kama da tasirin ɗan gajeren farantin bokiti. Ƙarfin ruwa ya dogara da ƙaramin farantin. Haka yake ga matsakaicin ƙimar matsin lamba na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido.
To ta yaya za mu tantance matsakaicin matsin lamba?
Tsarin tantance matsakaicin matsi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido jerin gwaje-gwaje ne da masana'anta ke yi don tantance aikin bawul ɗin da kuma tantance ƙimar matsinsa. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya haɗawa da:
1. Nazarin kayan aiki
Gudanar da nazarin ƙarfe akan abubuwan da ke cikin bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido don tabbatar da halayen kayan aiki, da kuma gudanar da gwaje-gwajen injiniya don tabbatar da cewa bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido ya cika ƙa'idodin da aka tsara don ƙarfi, juriya, da sauransu.
2. Gwajin Hydrostatic
Ana sanya bawul a cikin matsin lamba fiye da matsakaicin matsin lambar da aka ƙayyade (yawanci a yanayin zafi ko sama) don kimanta ingancin tsarinsa da aikin rufewa.
1) Shiri kafin gwaji
Kafin a yi gwajin hydraulic na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido, ana buƙatar yin shirye-shirye masu zuwa:
a)A duba ingancin kayan gwajin domin a tabbatar da cewa za a iya yin gwajin lafiya kuma a al'adance.
b)Tabbatar an shigar da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido daidai kuma an rufe haɗin da ke tsakanin na'urar auna matsin lamba sosai.
c)Zaɓi famfon ruwa mai matsin lamba mai dacewa don tabbatar da cewa matsin lamba da kwararar gwaji sun cika buƙatun.
d)Cire tarkacen da ka iya shafar sakamakon gwajin yayin gwajin kuma ka tabbatar da cewa yanayin gwajin yana da tsafta da tsafta.
2). Matakan gwaji
a)Da farko rufe bawul ɗin da ke kan bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido, sannan a buɗe famfon ruwa, sannan a hankali a ƙara matsin lamba na ruwa don isa ga matsin lamba na gwaji.
b)A ci gaba da gwajin matsin lamba na tsawon lokaci sannan a duba ko akwai ɓuɓɓugar ruwa a kusa da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido. Idan akwai ɓuɓɓugar ruwa, dole ne a magance ta cikin lokaci.
c)Bayan an yi gwaji, a hankali a rage matsin lamba a ruwa sannan a tsaftace bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido da na'urar auna matsin lamba don guje wa tabon ruwa bayan gwajin.
3). Hanyoyin gwaji
Akwai hanyoyi masu zuwa don gwajin hydraulic na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido:
a)Hanyar gwajin matsin lamba mai tsauri: Dakatar da famfon ruwa, kiyaye matsin lambar gwajin na tsawon awanni 1-2, sannan a lura ko akwai ɓuɓɓugar ruwa a kusa da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido.
b)Hanyar gwajin matsin lamba mai ƙarfi: Yayin da ake kula da kwararar gwaji da matsin lamba, buɗe bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido, lura ko bawul ɗin yana aiki yadda ya kamata, kuma duba ko akwai ɗigon ruwa a kusa da shi.
c)Gwajin matsin lamba ta iska: Sanya matsin lamba ta iska ko iskar gas a kan bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido don kwaikwayon yanayin aiki da kuma kimanta martaninsa ga canjin matsin lamba don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki mai ƙarfi.
d)Gwajin Keke: Ana yin amfani da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido akai-akai tsakanin wurare a buɗe da a rufe a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na matsin lamba don kimanta dorewarsa da amincin rufewa.
Me yasa ake tantance matsakaicin matsi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido?
Ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙimar matsin lamba yana ba ku damar zaɓar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido da ya dace don aikace-aikacen kuma yana tabbatar da aiki lafiya a cikin iyakokin matsin lamba da aka ƙayyade.
1. Dacewar Aikace-aikace
Zaɓi bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido mai ƙimar matsi wanda ya wuce matsakaicin matsin aiki da zai iya faruwa a cikin tsarin bututun don hana cikar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido.
2. La'akari da yanayin zafi
Yi la'akari da canje-canjen zafin jiki a tsarin ruwa, ba wai kawai saboda faɗaɗawa da matsewar zafi ba. Yawan zafin jiki zai haifar da ƙaruwar matsin lamba na ruwa, kuma yawan zafin jiki zai shafi halayen kayan bawul ɗin kuma ya rage ƙarfin sarrafa matsin lamba.
3. Kariyar Matsi
Sanya na'urorin rage matsin lamba ko na'urorin rage matsin lamba da suka dace don rage hauhawar matsin lamba da kuma kare bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido daga ƙaruwar matsin lamba kwatsam da ya wuce ƙarfinsa.
A taƙaice, matsakaicin matsin lamba dabawul ɗin malam buɗe idoAna iya jurewa ta hanyar ƙira, kayan aiki, tsari, da kuma hanyar rufewa. Matsakaicin matsi muhimmin ma'auni ne don tabbatar da aminci da inganci na bawuloli na malam buɗe ido. Ta hanyar fahimtar abubuwan da ke shafar ƙimar matsi, yadda ake tantance su, da tasirinsu akan zaɓin bawuloli na malam buɗe ido da amfani da su, za a iya zaɓar bawuloli na malam buɗe ido da ya dace daidai don tabbatar da aminci da aikin bawuloli na malam buɗe ido yayin amfani.