Gabatarwa:

A cikin amfani da manyan bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na yau da kullun, sau da yawa muna nuna matsala, wato, babban bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido da ake amfani da shi don matsin lamba daban-daban babban abu ne, kamar tururi, ruwa mai ƙarfi da sauran ayyukan da ke da matsin lamba, sau da yawa yana da matuƙar wahala a rufe, komai wahalar rufewa, koyaushe ana ganin cewa za a sami wani abu mai ɓuya, yana da wuya a rufe sosai, wanda ke haifar da matsala sakamakon ƙirar tsarin bawul ɗin da kuma iyakar ƙarfin fitarwa na mutum bai isa ba.

Binciken dalilan wahalar sauya manyan bawuloli masu diamita

Ƙarfin fitarwa na babba gabaɗaya a kwance shine 60-90kg, ya danganta da girman jiki daban-daban.

Alkiblar kwararar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido an tsara ta ne don ta kasance ƙasa da kuma sama, lokacin da mutum ya rufe bawul ɗin, jikin ɗan adam yana tura ƙafafun hannu a kwance don juyawa, ta yadda zaren bawul ɗin ya koma ƙasa don cimma rufewa, wanda ake buƙata don shawo kan haɗakar ƙarfi uku, wato:

1) Fa na saman axial;

2) marufi da ƙarfin gogayya na tushe Fb;

3) Gogayya tsakanin tushen tushe da bawul ɗin Fc

Jimlar karfin juyi shine ∑M=(Fa+Fb+Fc)R

Kamar yadda ake gani, girman ma'aunin, girman ƙarfin tura axial, idan ya kusa da yanayin rufewa, ƙarfin tura axial yana kusa da ainihin matsin lambar hanyar sadarwa ta bututu (saboda rufewar P1-P2 ≈ P1, P2 = 0)

Idan aka yi amfani da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na DN200 caliber akan bututun tururi mai sandar 10, ƙarfin rufewa na farko Fa = 10 × πr2 = 3140kg, kuma ƙarfin kewayen kwance da ake buƙata don rufewa yana kusa da iyakar ƙarfin kewayen kwance wanda za a iya fitarwa daga jikin ɗan adam na yau da kullun, don haka yana da matuƙar wahala ga mutum ya rufe bawul ɗin gaba ɗaya a ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayin aiki.

Ba shakka wasu masana'antu suna ba da shawarar sanya wannan nau'in bawul a baya, wanda ke magance matsalar wahalar rufewa, amma sai matsalar wahalar buɗewa bayan rufewa ta taso.

 

Babban diamita na injin samar da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita Tianjin Zhongfa Valve-ZFA sashen fasaha na kammalawa, babban diamita na flange na lantarki mai girman diamita dalilai na zubar da bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido suna da yanayi daban-daban bisa ga tsarin daban-daban, akwai dalilai daban-daban, waɗannan don nazarin shari'o'in guda biyu:

 

Da farko, lokacin ginin da ya haifar da babban diamita na flange na lantarki, bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na ciki, dalilan yaɗuwar ciki: 

① jigilar kaya da ɗagawa ba daidai ba ne ya haifar da lalacewar gabaɗaya ga babban bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita, don haka yana haifar da kwararar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita;

② masana'anta, bayan matsin lamba na ruwa bai buga babban diamita na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki ba, wanda ke haifar da zubar da ciki na lalata saman rufin.

③ Kariyar wurin gini ba ta cikin wurin, babban diamita na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki ba a sanya shi a ƙarshen makafi, ruwan sama, yashi da sauran ƙazanta a cikin wurin zama na bawul, wanda ke haifar da zubewa;

④ A lokacin shigarwa, ba a saka mai a cikin kujerar bawul ba, wanda ke haifar da ƙazanta shiga bayan kujerar bawul, ko ƙonewa da ke faruwa sakamakon zubewar ciki yayin walda;

⑤ Ba a sanya bawul ɗin a wurin da ya buɗe gaba ɗaya ba, wanda hakan ke haifar da lahani ga ƙwallon. A lokacin walda, idan bawul ɗin bai buɗe gaba ɗaya ba, walda za ta yi illa ga ƙwallon, kuma idan aka kunna ko kashe ƙwallon da ke ɗauke da walda, zai ƙara haifar da lalacewa ga wurin zama na bawul, wanda hakan ke haifar da zubewar ciki;

⑥ Walda slag da sauran ragowar gini da aka haifar ta hanyar rufe saman rufin;

Lokacin shigarwa ko lokacin da ba daidai ba ne matsayin da ya haifar da zubewar ruwa, idan hannun riga na tuƙin bawul ko wasu kayan haɗi da kuskuren kusurwar haɗuwarsa, babban bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki zai zube.

 

Na biyu, lokacin aiki wanda babban diamita na flange na lantarki ya haifar da yaɗuwar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido:

① Dalilin da ya fi yawa shi ne cewa manajan ayyuka yana la'akari da farashin gyara mai tsada na babban diamita na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki ba ya yin gyara, ko rashin ingantaccen tsarin bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita na kimiyya da hanyoyin gyara bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita ba ya yin gyaran rigakafi, wanda ke haifar da gazawar kayan aiki a gaba;

② rashin aiki yadda ya kamata ko kuma ba daidai da hanyoyin kulawa don gyarawa da zubewar ciki ke haifarwa ba;

③ A cikin aiki na yau da kullun, ragowar gini suna karce saman rufewa, wanda ke haifar da zubewar ciki;

④ Tsaftace bututu mara kyau yana haifar da lalacewa ga saman rufewa wanda ke haifar da zubewar ciki;

⑤ Rashin kulawa ko rashin aiki na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita na dogon lokaci, wanda ke haifar da wurin zama da riƙe ƙwallo, yana haifar da lalacewar rufewa lokacin da ake canza bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita don samar da ɓullar ciki;

⑥ babban diamita na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki ba ya cikin wurin da zai haifar da zubewar ciki, duk wani babban diamita na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki ba tare da la'akari da wurin buɗewa da rufewa ba, gabaɗaya karkatar da 2 ° ~ 3 ° na iya haifar da zubewa;

⑦ Yawancin manyan bawuloli na malam buɗe ido na lantarki masu girman diamita mai girman diamita galibi suna da toshewar toshewar tushe, idan an yi amfani da su na dogon lokaci, saboda tsatsa da tsatsa da sauran dalilai tsakanin toshewar tushe da toshewar tushe za su tara tsatsa, ƙura, fenti da sauran tarkace, waɗannan tarkacen za su haifar da babban bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita ba za a iya juya shi zuwa wurinsa ba kuma yana haifar da zubewa - idan aka binne bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita, tsawaita bawul ɗin zai haifar da faɗuwa da ƙarin tsatsa kuma ƙazanta suna hana juyawar ƙwallon bawul ɗin a wurin, wanda ke haifar da kwararar bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na lantarki mai girman diamita.

⑧ janar actuator kuma yana da iyaka, idan dalilin tsatsa na dogon lokaci, taurare mai ko ƙusoshin iyaka da aka saki zai sa iyaka ba daidai ba ce, wanda ke haifar da zubewar ciki;

⑨ Matsayin bawul ɗin kunna wutar lantarki yana gaba, ba tare da alaƙa da wurin da yake ba don haifar da zubewar ciki;

⑩ rashin kulawa da kulawa lokaci-lokaci, wanda ke haifar da rufewa mai busasshe, tauri, da busasshen man rufewa yana taruwa a cikin kujerar bawul mai roba, yana hana motsi na wurin zama na bawul, wanda ke haifar da gazawar hatimi.

Kamfanin ZFA Valve Factory yana da ƙwararrun ƙungiyoyin QC don tabbatar da cewa kowace bawul ɗin masana'anta a ciki da kuma yadda yake a bayyane yana da kyau. A lokaci guda, muna da ƙwararrun fasaha da ƙungiyoyin bayan tallace-tallace don taimakawa abokan ciniki magance matsaloli daban-daban da aka fuskanta yayin shigarwa da amfani.